Dry Scalp-Dead skin cells fall off and are replaced by new skin cells. Usually, this happens at a slow rate where it is not noticeable, but when this process is faster than normal, you will see flakes of dead skin cells on your scalp. Product Build Up- can also cause flakes to appear on the scalp. These flakes are not dead skin cells but, rather, hairspray or shampoo residue mixed with skin cells. Not washing your hair often enough can also lead to flakes and excess oil.
Dandruff- The exact cause of Dandruff is not known, however Malassezia-A yeast-like fungus lives on the scalps of most healthy adults without causing problems. But sometimes it grows out of control, feeding on the oils secreted by your hair follicles. This can irritate the skin on your scalp and cause more skin cells to grow. The extra skin cells die and fall off, clumping with oil from your hair and scalp, making them appear white and flaky in your hair or on your clothes. Most often this eruption is identical to or closely resembles seborrheic dermatitis.
Triggers
Dry scalp and dandruff tends to be worse during dry months. Cold, dry winter weather in particular can make dandruff and dry scalp worse. Stress or fatigue can trigger or aggravate it, too.
When to See a Dermatologist
If at-home treatments and over the counter products don’t do the job, visit a dermatologist to see if there’s a medical reason behind your flakes.
Although having dandruff can be embarrassing, it's harmless. It doesn't mean that you're not clean. It's not contagious: You can't catch it or pass it along to someone else. Dandruff doesn't directly cause hair loss, but scratching your scalp a lot could cause temporary hair loss.
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